Addressing Crime in America in John J. DiIulios Article, Let em Rot E

Addressing Crime in America in John J. DiIulio's Article, Let 'em Rot John J. DiIulio, Jr. writes his article, "Let 'em Rot," in response to the State of the Union Address by President Clinton in January of 1994. In this article he focuses on the continually increasing crime problem in America. DiIulio feels that a change is needed in the way this country handles the punishment and rehabilitation of criminals. He makes a claim of policy that criminals should serve their entire prison sentences. DiIulio asserts, "a prison sentence of X years should mean a prison sentence of X years (truth in sentencing)" (563). He directs his article towards people who are concerned with the crime problem in America, specifically victims of crime and the families of criminals. He also primarily targets people who read the Wall Street Journal and support truth-in-sentencing. Throughout the article, DiIulio's support is primarily based on motivational appeal. He quickly draws interest into the article through the shocking choice of words for his title. He then goes on to provoke readers with the...

Current Issues Between the Native Americans

The four groups that I have chosen for identifying their linguistic, political, social, economic, religious, and familial conventions and statues of Hispanics groups living in the United States are Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans, and South Americans. To start with they all speak Spanish yet they do have different dialects depending on where they are located. I have had experience with the Cubans personally and the Mexican American personally everything else I have learned from our research. The Mexican American population is the largest minority group in America. There are many Mexican Americans that do not speak Spanish at all and only speak English, but these are the ones that were usually born in the United States. There are also some that are bilingual and then there are some that do not know English until they start school. The Mexican Americans are also active in the civil rights movements, from workers rights to voting rights. Their social status is poor due to lack of education and they are strongly tied to their families. Families are very large and extended family is just as important as immediate family members. Most are Catholics and their religion is very important to them, but there are some that are protestant. Mexican Americans tend to take low paying jobs and this means that they work in mining, agriculture, transportation and ranching. Puerto Rico’s Linguistic background is strongly defined by Spanish and English. Most Puerto Ricans speak both languages fluently and use it in everyday life for work and play. Puerto Rico’s political division is the Popular Democratic Party (PPD), which supports the commonwealth rank for the island; has been the leading political party since 1940. Their has been a large decline in the popularity of the PPD over the years but it is still remains the island’s main political party. Their families are very close just like all of the other Hispanic groups. Family life and the amount of time they spend with their family is very important to the Puerto Rican society as well as other Hispanic groups. They usually live close to family members and attend church together, which is a very important part of their culture. They are generally Roman Catholics and their culture has a heavy influence on African and Spanish beliefs and traditions. When it comes to Cubans who are generally located in Florida or that region and they migrated here to be freed from Fidel Castro. Like the other Hispanic groups the Cubans have very large families and are very close to all members including extended family members. Cuban Americans are generally affiliated with politically with Jewish Americans and are known for their powerful conservative ethics.

Racism and the law

Racism and the law Free Online Research Papers In the 1900 a prominent English scholar Gilbert Murray said: â€Å"There is in the world a hierarchy of races†¦[some] will direct and rule the others, and the lower work of the world will tend in the long run to be done by the lower breeds of men. This we of the ruling colour will no doubt accept as obvious.† (Walker; 1997) It was very true at the time; everywhere you looked you could see that white people were in charge. Canada has faced many obstacles in the 19th century. It has been fighting a never-ending war against Racism in Canada. It has modified or created many laws to help try to combat the discrimination that exists within our country. Canada has modified its immigration act to make it less discriminatory. It has created the Charter of Rights and Freedoms to bring equality to everyone and it has, created human rights acts to protect people of different races. Before we talk about the laws that Canada has put into motion to help combat racism we must first define what racism is. The term Racism is hard to define. Racism is more then just an attitude; it is a policy or practice of persecution or domination by one group over another. Due to this explanation the word racism is not found in statutes or court decisions to the same extent as the word discrimination. Discrimination in the ordinary sense of the word means to treat a person or group differently because of prejudice. However in the legal sense this definition had been expanded to include human rights. Today the word discrimination can include concepts such as adverse effect, or unintentional discrimination, and harassment. Both discrimination and racism come from prejudice. In short prejudice means to pre-judge. In other words to have negative attitudes towards a person based on stereotypical thinking about the group which the person belongs to. This stereotypical thinkin! g comes from believing that all people in one group have the same characteristics. There are no laws which prohibit racism because you cannot control a persons state of mind only his actions. (Cohen; 1987) In Canada the road to racism is compared by John Boyko to ladder the first rung being stereotypes. These stereotypes are brought to existence by popular culture such as newspapers, magazines, cartoons, and movies. The next rung is prejudice, which is the belief that stereotypes are true. These beliefs are portrayed in phrases such as, â€Å"They are all†¦Ã¢â‚¬  or â€Å"Those people†¦Ã¢â‚¬  prejudice only looks at groups not individuals. The next rung is discrimination which is an action based on prejudice. For example an employer not hiring someone because they believe the stereotypes about the group that that person belong to. The next rung that Boyko talks about is sanctioned discrimination. This is where the discrimination becomes entrenched in our laws and practices. After that the next step is systematic racism, which is seen in laws that promote segregation. This step leads to the next step, a need to purify the nation through exclusion or expulsion. And final ly that last step, which i! s genocide, the deliberate extermination of a race. (Boyko; 1998) In this essay I would like to talk about the 5th step in the ladder, sanctioned discrimination. Canada, which prides itself on being a multicultural nation, has a history of sanctioned discrimination. It is only in the lat 2 or 3 decades that Canada has really tried to change it legislations to help combat discrimination. The first thing I would like to talk about is Immigration in Canada. In our country one out of every six people are born outside of Canada. Canada sees immigration as positive, something that helps us prosper economically and helps us to be more tolerant of other people. This view has not always been true. There was a time in Canadian history when Canada did not embrace the immigrant. In fact Canada’s immigration laws use to be full of racist tendencies. (Jakubowski in Comack, 1999) In 1945, Canada director of Immigration, A.L. Jolliffe, wrote: â€Å"The claim is sometimes made that Canada’s immigration laws reflect class and race discrimination: they do, and necessarily so. Some form of discrimination cannot be avoided if immigration is to be effectively controlled in order to prevent the creation in Canada of expanding non-assailable racial groups.†(Cohen: 1987) Discriminatory immigration laws may appear in many different forms. For example immigration laws may expressly apply only to a particular group. This happened in the case of the Chinese immigration Act. In the last half of the 1800’s Chinese were admitted in large numbers to help work on the railroad. The government encouraged Chinese immigration at this point to do the work that few others would do. Once the railroad was finished however and the need for Chinese workers diminished the government passed the Chinese immigration act (1885). This act put a head tax of $50 a head on all Chinese wishing to enter the country. The opposition to Chinese immigration grew within the country and by 1903 the head tax was $500 a person. In 1923 a new act was put in place the forbid the entry of all Chinese with certain narrow exceptions, Chinese within Canada could not sponsor relatives born in China. This act had a great impact on Chinese immigration between 1923 and 1947 only 44 Chinese immigrants came to Canada legally. (Cohen: 1987) Another example of racist tendencies in immigration came with the Jews and Wartime Immigration policy. During the Second World War thousands of Jews sought refugee from Nazi persecution. Although the government did not actually pass a law not permitting Jews into the country they did execute policies designed to obstruct Jewish immigration. Many of these polices were executed on an informal basis. This memo from the department of External Affairs and Immigration in 1938 reveals such a policy. We do not want too many Jews, but in the present circumstances we do not want to say so. We do not want to legitimize the Aryan mythology by introducing any formal distinction for immigration purposes between Jews and non-Jews. The practical distinction, however, has to be made and should be drawn with discretion and sympathy by the competent authorities, without the need to lay down formal minute of policy. (Boyko 1998) These are just two of the examples of past discrimination against certain group there are many others including The Japanese War measures Act, and The East Indian and the Continuous passage rule. So what has Canada done to improve on these racist immigration laws? Until recently nothing, there were no legal protections against racially exclusionary laws and practices. It was not until 1967 when Canada passed a new universal immigration act. That is people who apply to become Canadian Citizens are no longer judged by the colour of their skin, their religion or their ethnicity. In other words the immigration system, which had once used race-related factors to determine entrants is now seemingly â€Å"colour-blind†. (Cohen: 1987) Now the system determines its applicant on a system of points. Applicants gain points through amount of education, occupation, age, personal suitability, ect. This system is said to be universal because every person is evaluated with the same criteria. With the implementation of this new universal system Canada’s immigration act has become much less discriminatory. (Boyko: 1998) The next major advancement that Canada has made to combat discrimination in Canada came with the Creation of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The Charter of Rights And Freedoms is one part of the Canadian Constitution, which is made up as a serious of laws rather then on document. The Charter offers a number of different crucial protections to minorities. There are three sections to the charter that should be examined when we look at racial discrimination; these are section 2, 15 and 27. Section 2 of the Charter of rights and freedoms provides that everyone has certain fundamental freedoms, including freedom of religion. According to this act every individual has the right to â€Å"entertain such religious beliefs as the person chooses, the right to declare religious beliefs openly and without fear of hindrance or reprisal, and the right to manifest religious belief by worship and practice or by teaching, and dissemination† It also guaranties the absence of coercion and restraint. The next section 15 may be the most useful to minority groups. This section among other things states that every individual is equal under the law and has the right to equal protection and equal benefit of the law without discrimination. This section has been very influential in the advancement of such groups as the Indians. The Indian Act governs most of Indian lives, this act has been a means for the government to control Indian matters since 1876. In the past the Act has placed constraints on the rights of and lifestyles of the Indian people. For years the Indians could not leave the reserves, even temporarily without a pass. Section 15 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms helped to remove many of the discriminatory acts that were in the Indian Act. The last Section that I want to discuss is section 27. It states that the charter will be interpreted in a manner â€Å"Consistent with the preservation and enhancement of the multicultural heritage of Canadians† One example of how this section is influential in helping minority groups was in the â€Å"Keegstra Incident† James Keegstra was a teacher who taught his students many anti-Semitic theories. He was charged with promoting hatred contrary to criminal code. He challenged the criminal code on the basis that is violated his freedom of expression guaranteed in the Charter of rights and freedoms. The court refereed to section 27 when they rejected Keegstra’s argument, noting that promotion of hatred contradicts the principles, which recognize the dignity and worth of minorities. (Schneiderman: 1997) There are other sections of the Charter that are useful in protecting minority groups such as Section 3 that gives everyone the right to vote in an election and to be qualified for member of parliament. Chinese and Japanese Canadian were denied the right to vote until the 1940s, and native persons were not allowed to vote until1960. Section 6 gives every Canadian citizen the right to leave remain, and enter Canada. This offers protection against such act as the War measures Act that was invoked in WWII when Canada attempted to deport Japanese Canadians. (Cohen: 1987) The last thing I would like to talk about in Canada’s war against discrimination is the Human Rights Acts. The human rights acts are the most significant legal protection in the field of race relations. The prohibit discrimination in such fields as accommodation, facilities, services, contracts, and employment. The first Human Right Act in Canada was the Racial Discrimination Act of 1944. This act prohibited the publication, display or broadcast of anything indicting an intention to discriminate on the bases of race or creed. This act was ment to get rid of such sign like â€Å"No Jews or Dogs Allowed† which were in shop windows. The Fair employment and accommodation acts came next. In the 1950s these acts set the basic structure for human rights. These acts were ineffective because there was no real enforcement it was up to the individual to pursue discriminatory acts by themselves. The real revolution came in 1962 with the Ontario Human rights Code. This code prohibited discrimination on the bases of race, creed, colour, nationality, ancestry, or place of origin. Today all the Canadian provinces and the Territories have anti-discrimination laws. (Knopff: 1989) There are some people who say that Canada has not come as far as they think. In the case of immigration even though people are being evaluated all on the same basis there are some people who come from countries where they can not obtain the necessary requirements to come to Canada should these people be excluded because their country does not offer education, or they can not find a job. The immigration act does however provide away for these people to get around the points system by applying to become an immigrant using refugee standing. Another argument is that the Charter of Rights and Freedoms is not absolute. A person must appeal to the courts when they feel their rights have been violated it is then up to the court to decided whether or not a persons rights have been violated and whether they should be compensated. Therefore in the end it may come down to one judge’s interpretation of the charter. However at least now minority groups do have the resources available to ! fight back. In the end it is clear that Canada is winning the war it is fighting within its country. Although we are not raising arms and we are not killing people we are beginning to advance. Through the creation of the Charter of rights and Freedoms, the establishment of human right legislation and the changes we have made in the immigration act Canada can honestly say it is trying to create a county were multiculturalism is word you can use to describe the population. A place where a person can live, as an individual without discrimination. It is just to bad we need laws to ensure this. Bibliography Backhouse Constance, Colour- Coded: A Legal History of Racism in Canada, 1900-1950, Toronto, Osgoode Society for Canadian Legal History, 1999 Boyko John, Last Steps to Freedom: The evolution of Canadian Racism, Manitoba, Watson Dwyer Publishing ltd., 1998 Cohen Tannis, Race Relation and the Law, 1987 Comack Elizabeth and others Locating Law, Halifax, Fernwood Publishing, 1999 Driedger Leo and Shiva Halli, Race and Racism Canada’s Challenge, Kingston, McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2000 Knopff Rainer, Human Rights Social Technology, Ottawa, Carlton University Press, 1990 Schnederman David and Kate Sutherland, Charting the Consequences: The Impact of the Charter of rights on Canadian law and Politics, Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 1997. Walker James, â€Å"Race,† Rights and the Law in the Supreme Court of Canada, Wilfred Laurier University Press, 1997 Research Papers on Racism and the lawWhere Wild and West MeetComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoQuebec and Canada19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionHip-Hop is ArtCapital PunishmentPETSTEL analysis of IndiaEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and

Problem Analysis essays

Problem Analysis essays Our learning has decided to tackle an issue/problem at Tobey Mains place of employment, Talk America. Talk America is a local and long distance phone company that manages 98% of their net adds in-house on a yearly basis. The way the company grows its customer base in other words, is primarily supported by their outbound telemarketing and inbound telemarketing and Online sales efforts. The problem that we will be discussing is the impact employee turnover has on its business model and financial forecast provided to Wall-Street. On a monthly basis Talk America continually focuses on ways to stimulate employee commitment and retention, however, the nature of the telemarketing business is stressful. Dealing with rejection day in and day out can take its toll on any employee. The limited control an employee has on phone sales is easily recognized. The triggering effect that drive us to really dig into this problem comes from the lack of performance in the call centers over the past 2 months, which has triggered an even larger % of employee attrition. On a monthly basis the company can range anywhere from 35-60% attrition and over the past 2 months it has been on the higher side of that range. A key driver for the lack of performance and turnover revolves around the mix of states the company is currently marketing, which can change drastically month over month. If employees dial into a highly competitive state and performance is at its highest level than turnover goes to the lower side of the 25%-60% range. Critical thinking by all members of the organizations management team is crucial, and we are confident that our presentation will uncover some critical paths to success in conquering this problem. Thinking outside of the box for various ways to improve moral, appreciation and employee commitment is what our paper and presentation will focus on. The problem with employee attrition is something t...

Wk 5 dq Essay Example

Wk 5 dq Essay Example Wk 5 dq Essay Wk 5 dq Essay Discussion A Q 1: What is impressionism in music? Who is most associated with this style? The impressionism is a style in music that involves elements like static harmony where main focus is on instrumental timbres that develops a shimmering interaction of colors. It includes melodies lacking organized motion. Maurice Ravel is a composer considered as the most associated with this style. Q 2: What is atonal music? What are the characteristics of atonal music? Which composers are most associated with this style? Atonal music is a style where there is an absence of functional harmony as a main structural element. The composers most associated with this style are listed as below:  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Alban Berg (Austria)  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Anton Webern (Austria)  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Arnold Schoenberg (America)  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Charles Koechlin (France)  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Donald Martino (America)  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gottfried von Einem (Austria) Q 3: What are some of the scales used by the composers after 1900? After 1900, composers tend to use certain scales like alternative scale forms, whole-tone scale, folk scales, non-western scales, and synthetic scales. These were some of the major scales used by the composers after 1900. Discussion B Q 4: What are some of the musical influences of Stravinsky? Stravinsky showed his influence on composers not only in his life but also after his death like Stravinskys usage of motivic development involved additive motivic development.   Stravinsky was widely known for his typical use of rhythm, particularly in The Rite of Spring. Stravinskys initial neo-classical performances were the ballet Pulcinella(1920). He created stripped-down Octet for winds in 1923. Stravinsky also stripped fold themes to their major and significant musical outlines. Q 5: What are the differences between music of the 20th Century and previous periods? Lovers of earlier classical music say that classical music has art whereas 20th century music just has an art. At the same time, we see many 20th century music contains high level of artistry and innovation whereas many classical works are entertaining. It is also argued that classical works have high musical complexity. Particularly, earlier classical music normally has more modulation (changing of keys), minimal outright repeating, and a broader usage of musical phrases. Moreover, it is mostly in classical music that lengthy music (0.5-3 hrs) is created hierarchically from shorter parts known as movements. 20th century music and earlier classical music are also mainly distinguished by their musical tools and instruments. Mostly, the musical instruments used in earlier music are non-electrical and were introduced before 1850. Their codification took place between the 1700 and 1800. Such instruments were played in orchestra; this also includes some of solo musical instruments like piano, harpsichord, and organ. On the other hand in modern 20th century music electrical musical instruments are used, like guitar that is very popular and prominent in modern music. Q 6: Who are two composers of the early 20th Century? What were some of their contributions to music? a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Louis Armstrong He learned how to use the cornet/trumpet and led a band and emerged as a singer. His major contributions are in jazz music, particularly his specific innovative style. He is an inventor of the sound of swing and successfully proven that jazz was not just for ensembles, but it was also for solo artists. b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   John Cage He opened up an era of indeterminacy, in which the composer authorizes the performer to interpret his work. Cage made certain experiments with musical instrument, like by connecting things to a piano to a pianos strings to check how it creates music. It was named as the prepared piano. Cage also researched on electronic music and acknowledged the chance music, which says that each act of man is music.

Ratio Analysis Memorandum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ratio Analysis Memorandum - Essay Example The solvency ratio looks at the organizations ability to pay long term debt and interest on debts (Bull, 2008). By looking at the debt to asset ratio it can be seen that the organization’s reliance on debt financing is increasing as this ratio has increased from 0.39 in 2008 to 0.79 in 2009. From the analysis the organization is generally still performing well, however, there is need to improve on the profitability of the organization which is decreasing from as seen in the analysis. This can be done by decreasing the expenses of the organization. The current and the quick ration also needs to be improved as they have both decreased in 2009 as compared to 2008 which is mainly contributed by the increase in the current portion of long term debt as per the Balance sheet. The organization needs to pay off these current liabilities in the shortest time possible for the improvement in the ratios to happen. The organization also needs to also reduce the solvency ratio by reducing its liabilities so as to ensure that the reliance on debt financing does not increase.

Organizational change part 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organizational change part 2 - Essay Example The change strategy should also consider future growth and development of the organization. A change strategy for organizations includes various elements that have to be carefully analyzed before the change process is implemented. These elements include situational awareness, the structures supporting the change, and strategy analysis (Weiner et al, 2009). Situational awareness involves understanding the implications of change on the organizations, knowing who will be affected by the impending change and gathering as much resources and knowledge about the change to be implemented. Supporting structures for organizational change include the team facilitating the change process and the sponsors of the change process. Strategy analysis involves identification of the risks involved in the change process, any resistance to the change and tactics for implementing the strategy. A good organizational change strategy must focus on all these three elements (Weiner et al, 2009). Internal change s in an organization encounter resistance from certain employees or senior managers who may not be so open to change. This may destabilize the whole change process if not managed properly. The team charged with the responsibility of managing the change need to stay vigilant throughout the whole process for any signs of disapproval for the change and address them as soon as they are discovered (Weiner et al, 2009). The change implementation team ought to be very responsive and responsible throughout the change process. This will enable them to intercede and deal with any threat to the change process before it paralyzes the whole process. In order to deal with resistance effectively, a change strategy needs to address several issues such as commitment, responsibility, advocacy, acknowledgement, flexibility and must have a clear outline. A clear outline in the change strategy addresses change policies and guidelines and the structure of the impending change. These have to be communicat ed to every employee in advance before the change is implemented (Weiner et al, 2009). Everyone affected by the change has to be committed to the process and they should be given time to speak out their opinions about the intended change so as to foster advocacy for the change. Every ones role in the change process also needs to be clarified in the change strategy so as to ensure every individual in the change team is responsible for their actions. Every successful step of the change process needs to be appreciated and acknowledged just to let everybody know that the organization is moving in the right direction with the change. The organization’s leaders need to use a more flexible approach in the change process so as to ensure any unforeseen contingencies are dealt with appropriately during the process. Methods that will be used to monitor implementation of the proposed change The change initiative to be implemented involves about of organizational restructuring hence need to be approached with care. This will require a new organizational structure, improvement and changes in the organizational culture and behavior. The process of hiring new nurses wiling the new nurses will require significant contribution from every staff member in the organization. The top management will be required to approve and implement the change while the other